architecture

The architecture is he art and the technique from design and construct buildings. The concept comes from Latin architecture which, in turn, has its origin in Greek.

It can be said that architecture is responsible for modify and alter the environment physical to meet human needs. Architects are not only in charge of developing constructions based on their shape and utility, but they also follow aesthetic precepts. Therefore, architecture is often considered one of the fine arts.

At present, architecture is mainly associated with design of spaces that serve as living place. The construction of houses and buildings is part of the most frequent activity of the architect, who must take into account a large number of precepts when developing his projects. The works must be erected safely and respecting environmental conditions.

On the other hand, architects also direct various Projects that transcend the realm of housing, such as the construction of a factory, a shopping center, a school or a church.

According to the period historical, it is possible to speak of different types of architecture. The Gothic architectureFor example, it had its peak between the 12th and 15th centuries, characterized by structural lightness and lighting inside buildings. The renaissance architecture (between the 15th and 16th centuries) and the baroque (from the 17th to the 18th century) are two other examples of styles that have transcended.

Computer architecture

For the computing, computer architecture encompasses the design, at a conceptual level, and the structure on which the operation of a system is based. In other words, it is the detailed diagram of the requirements and the operation of the various components of a computer, especially the central processing unit (also known as CPU or CPU) and its interaction with the main memory.

Another definition that receives this concept is the way to choose and relate the different physical parts to build computers according to the performance, cost and functionality requirements. It should be noted that a score cannot be awarded to a computer simply by observing the speeds and capacities of its components, but a series of factors related to the purpose for which it was designed must be taken into account.

The architecture of a device is intimately related to the functions it is expected to carry out, and understanding it hides the true potential of the hardware. For example, if you take two video game consoles with the same amount of memory RAM and with processors of the same number of cores and with similar speeds, it is not correct to assume that they are two computers of equivalent power, since each one can work in very different ways despite the similarity of their technical specifications.

The basic operation of a processor consists of carrying out a series of specific tasks and operations with the data that is stored in memory, to produce new information, which will be used later. For this, each processor has a set of instructions that you can understand and execute, which can be classified taking into account the following points:

* what operations it is possible to carry out from the given instructions;
* how the operands are specified, what types they can have and what is their size;
* where each operand can be located. In some cases, they can all reside in memory, while in certain architectures it is possible to find them in the internal registers of the Unit central;
* how the memory address is specified, that is, what addressing modes are available.