{"id":5819,"date":"2021-12-09T21:08:58","date_gmt":"2021-12-09T21:08:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/psychology\/the-15-types-of-racism-and-their-characteristics\/"},"modified":"2021-12-09T21:08:58","modified_gmt":"2021-12-09T21:08:58","slug":"the-15-types-of-racism-and-their-characteristics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/psychology\/the-15-types-of-racism-and-their-characteristics\/","title":{"rendered":"The 15 types of Racism (and their characteristics)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

The term \"race\" was born in Spain in the context of the processes of conquest of the Spanish empire both in America and in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. And from that moment in which different races were differentiated, they began to grant privileges to some and obligations to others, thus developing a discrimination that, unfortunately, continues to this day<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

And it is that despite all the achievements that have been achieved at the social level thanks to the struggle of many activists and although the concept of \"race\" cannot be applied to the human species according to what Biology dictates, racism is a reality that continues to affect many people even from apparently advanced countries in terms of equality.<\/p>\n

When we talk about racism, we are talking about a form of discrimination in which a person or group is treated unfairly because of their race (although we have already said that this term is incorrect when we talk about human beings), culture or ethnicity. Racism has led and gives rise to the persecution of certain ethnic groups that are considered inferior.<\/p>\n

But, Is racism always expressed in the same way? No. Not much less<\/strong>. And it is that this racial differentiation so socially unjust, dangerous, morally condemnable and scientifically false, can take many different forms. And knowing them is the first step to, together, fight to end racial discrimination that, although we deny it, is still present in the world. And this is precisely what we are going to do today. We are going to get to know all the different types of racism.<\/p>\n

What forms of racial discrimination exist?<\/h2>\n

Racism is the ideology that promotes the superiority of one race over others and that results in discrimination and persecution of people and \/ or groups for racial, ethnic or cultural reasons<\/strong>. People with these racist attitudes feel the need to keep these \u201cinferior\u201d communities isolated in society and to make them enjoy more obligations but fewer rights.<\/p>\n

We are fully aware of the atrocities that have been committed while driven by racist ideologies. And although it is evident that in recent decades we have made enormous social advances to dilute this racism through laws that severely punish it, this discriminatory ideology continues to be present on the streets of any city in any advanced country.<\/p>\n

And one of the main explanations for this permanence is that racism is not always expressed in such a clear way, since there are many different forms of racist ideology that, although they remain more hidden, are still racial discrimination. Therefore, in today's article we are going to analyze the characteristics of the main classes of racism. Let us begin.<\/p>\n

1. Cultural racism<\/h3>\n

Cultural racism is one in which racial discrimination emerges from a supposed superiority of the culture of an ethnic group<\/strong> with respect to the culture of another. It is not that a culture is better, but rather that it is taken for granted that a certain ethnic group is incapable of developing a culture as rich and diverse as that of the \"superior\" ethnic group.<\/p>\n

\n<\/picture>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2. Reverse racism<\/h3>\n

We understand by reverse racism that situation in which the target of racist behaviors are populations that are generally not the target of discrimination<\/strong>. For example, when the black population is racist with the white population (which has historically discriminated against the black population), we are facing a clear example of reverse racism. Thus, it is the one in which the roles are reversed.<\/p>\n

3. Biological racism<\/h3>\n

Biological racism is one in which racial discrimination emerges from a supposed biological superiority of a \"race\"<\/strong> (which we have already said is a totally wrong concept) on another. That is, it is based on believing that the genetics of an ethnic group and all the physiological capacities and biological attributes are better than that of the \"inferior\" ethnic group. It has been one of the most destructive forms of racism.<\/p>\n

4. Stereotypical racism<\/h3>\n

By stereotypical racism we understand that which is based on greatly emphasize the clich\u00e9s that have historically been attributed to certain ethnicities<\/strong> in order to ridicule them or belittle their culture and historical legacy. When we say that all Asians are equal, for example, we are facing a clear example of racism based on stereotypes.<\/p>\n

5. Racism based on skin color<\/h3>\n

As its name suggests, racism based on skin color is that form of racial discrimination that is entirely based on physical appearance<\/strong>. It is a form of superficial racism that does not appeal to biological or cultural reasons, but is based on hatred and contempt for a person or group solely and exclusively because their skin color is different from yours. It goes without saying that the racism suffered by the black population is, unfortunately, the best example of this.<\/p>\n

\n<\/picture>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6. Xenophobia<\/h3>\n

Xenophobia is a type of racism in which racial discrimination is based on irrational hatred and rejection of foreigners<\/strong>. It is, in reality, a mixture between racism and nationalism, which makes the person who develops it feel a deep aversion towards immigrants for cultural and biological reasons, interpreting these foreigners as inferior groups that, in addition, threaten the cultural identity of your country. Unfortunately, it is one of the forms of racism that most frequently manifests itself with physical violence.<\/p>\n

7. Colorism<\/h3>\n

Colorism is that racism that occurs within ethnic groups that are already victims of racial discrimination. It is a form of racism in which people who have a lighter skin tone are privileged. It refers to situations in which a black person with a lighter complexion will have more privileges than another with a much darker complexion.<\/p>\n

8. Institutional racism<\/h3>\n

Institutional racism is that which occurs in countries where there are laws or organizations that promote discrimination against certain groups<\/strong>. It is the most difficult form of racial discrimination to combat, since it has its origin in the State's own laws, which give privileges to certain ethnic groups to the detriment of others. Fortunately, the activist struggle has made this form of racism less and less prevalent, at least in developed countries.<\/p>\n

9. Environmental racism<\/h3>\n

By environmental racism we understand that situation in which certain ethnic minorities are, by the desire of the dominant ethnic groups, forced to live under disproportionate exposure to pollutants and toxic waste<\/strong> or it is difficult for them to have access to resources such as drinking water.<\/p>\n

\n<\/picture>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

10. Educational racism<\/h3>\n

Educational racism refers both to the situation in which certain ethnic groups are deprived of the right to receive an equal education (something that, fortunately, no longer occurs in advanced countries) and to the racial discrimination that occurs in the classroom and which is so related to bullying. Unfortunately, it is still very much in force and it is important to educate children to respect all people regardless of their ethnicity.<\/p>\n

11. Aversive racism<\/h3>\n

Aversive racism is, simply put, the racism of people who consider themselves non-racist<\/strong>. Also known as microracism, it is a more subtle and non-explicit form of racial discrimination where openly racist attitudes do not develop. But, on the other hand, there are subtle samples of racist thinking showing coldness towards what happens to certain ethnic groups or avoiding contact with them. The \"I'm not racist, but ...\" is the tagline par excellence of these people.<\/p>\n

12. Hidden racism<\/h3>\n

Closely related to the previous one, hidden racism is another form of non-explicit racial discrimination that often hides behind pseudoscientific arguments or manipulations of statistics<\/strong> to promote the idea that certain ethnic groups are inferior to others. Also included here are those situations in which, when hiring someone, their ethnicity is taken into account, when only their aptitudes should be assessed.<\/p>\n

13. Mestizophobia<\/h3>\n

Mestizophobia is that form of racism that is based on the idea that mestizos are inferior people to those of the, considered by racists, \"pure race.\" In the same way, it is about the thought in which this mestizo identity is despised and even denies, when, in reality, this miscegenation is a way of greatly enriching a society.<\/p>\n

14. Symbolic racism<\/h3>\n

By symbolic racism we understand that form of racial discrimination where The superiority of an ethnic group is not promoted, but cultural segregation is<\/strong>. In other words, symbolic racism promotes the idea that each person has the right to live as they want regardless of their ethnicity, as long as there is a physical distance between the ethnic groups of a society. That is, we are the same, but we cannot mix.<\/p>\n

15. Ethnocentric racism<\/h3>\n

Ethnocentric racism is that form of racism that is based on the belief that minority ethnic groups represent a threat to the cultural identity of the, considered by racists and members of the same, superior ethnic group. This leads to the rejection of their customs, language, religion, beliefs, behaviors and traditions, forcing this group to abandon their roots and fully adapt to the dominant culture of the country in which they are located.<\/p>\n

\n<\/picture>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n
\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \n\n
\n Rate this post<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The term \"race\" was born in Spain in the context of the…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5820,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5819\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enorcerna.com\/wiki\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}