Shareholders
The shareholders are the group of shareholders of an organization or company.
The group of people or economic agents who own shares or shares of a company is designated as shareholders.
The total set of shareholders corresponds to 100% of the ownership of the company within which shareholders with majority and minority stakes can coexist.
The shareholders are made up of individual shareholders. That is, any agent who owns shares in a company or company. Shareholders can be both natural and legal persons.
It should be remembered that a share is a title or financial value that represents a right over the property of the company. Usually, the more actions an agent has, the greater power of decision or veto it will have over the direction that the company will follow and its internal and external development policies.
Shareholders can be grouped into two categories: minority and majority. The former have a small number of shares so they do not have decision-making power in the company unless they manage to group together and consolidate their position. The latter, on the other hand, have a significant amount of actions so they can influence the strategic decisions of the firm.
When we talk about the shareholding structure, we refer to the description of how the shares are distributed among different types of holders. The latter can be classified into various groups such as: institutional / private, national / foreign, wholesalers / retailers, etc.
As an example, let's look at the shareholding structure that is presented on the website of the Red Eléctrica de España: “The shareholding of the Company is made up of 20%, owned by SEPI (Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales) and the remaining 80% that is free-float. The company's share capital is 270,540,000 euros, which is represented by 541,080,000 bearer shares, fully subscribed and paid up, with a nominal value of 0.50 euros.”.
In addition, it is described that within the 80% of free contribution, 65% is foreign institutional, 5% Spanish institutional and 10% of retail.
It refers to the case in which the shareholders are the clients or fans of an organization or company. The key decisions of the company fall on them.
Popular shareholding is usually applied in the case of sports clubs or other associations with a large group of fans. In fact, the origin of this form of administration was born in 2005 to take ownership and control of the Manchester United football club.
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